Piklon

Piklon

Ingredients
1 tablet contains 7,5 mg zopiclone.

Release form
Coated tablets.

Pharmacotherapeutic group
Hypnotic and sedative drugs.

Drug Action
Pharmacodynamics. Piklon is hypnotic and sedative drug having nonbenzodiazepine structure (cyclopirrolone derivative). Agonist of central omega1- and omega2-benzodiazepine receptors of benzodiazepine-GABA-chloride ionophore receptor complex. Increases the sensitivity of GABA receptors to the inhibitory mediator (GABA) which leads to rising the frequency of channel neuron openings for chloride ion influx in the cytoplasmic membrane.  
As a result, an increase in the inhibitory effect of GABA on the synaptic transmission in different sections of the central nervous system is observed. It does not interact with peripheral benzodiazepine receptors.   
It reduces sleep onset, decreases the frequency of night-time awakenings, increases the sleep duration, improving its quality but not changing the sleep phases. Effective in situational insomnia, which is associated with psycho-emotional stress, change in habitual rhythm of life, desynchronosis, including jet lags, and mode shifts. Sleep occurs within 20-30 minutes after use and lasts 6-8 hours.
Usually does not cause post-somnic disorders (feeling of weakness and drowsiness in the next day morning). Relieves headache.  

Indications
- Sleep disorders (difficulty in falling asleep, night-time or early-time morning awakening), including situational, temporary, and chronic insomnia.
- Secondary sleeping disturbances in psychiatric disorders.

Use and Dosage
Administered for adults once a day before bedtime. For Patients under 60 years old – 1 Piklon tablet (7,5mg) a day. For patients over 60 years old ? tablet (3,75mg) a day, if necessary the dose can be increased up to 1 tablet (7,5mg). In patients with liver function disorders or chronic respiratory insufficiency ? tablet (3,75) a day should be administered.  
Maximum daily dose is 2 tablets (15 mg).
In situational insomnia the drug should be taken for 2-5 days, in short-term insomnia – for 2-3 weeks, and in chronic insomnia the duration of treatment should be determined by doctor individually. Treatment should as much as possible be short and not exceed 4 weeks.

Side Effects
On the nervous system: drowsiness (including sleepiness after awakening), lethargy, fatigue, headache, dizziness, irritability, blurred consciousness (often in elderly patients), depressed mood, rarely - paradoxical effects (increased insomnia, nightmares, nervousness, and excitation).

Contraindications  
Individual hypersensitivity to the drug ingredients, severe respiratory insufficiency, myasthenia gravis, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and infancy.
The risk of addiction and tolerance to the drug, as well as withdrawal syndrome, and rebound insomnia is minimal, but cannot be completely excluded, especially in long-term treatment. Protective measures – use minimum effective doses of the drug; avoid alcohol consumption and/or intake of other psychotropic substances; (step-by-step) discontinuation of the drug. Paradoxical effects are more common in elderly patients, when they occur, the drug should be discontinued.
The next day after taking the drug avoid driving a car and carrying out other potentially unsafe activities that require increased attention and fast reaction.