Denasol
Denasol
Active ingredient (INN)
Dextrose (glucose)
Sodium chloride.
Pharmaceutical Form
Solution for infusion
Ingredients
100 ml solution contains:
Active substances: Anhydrous glucose – 5.0 g, sodium chloride – 0.9 g.
Pharmacotherapeutic Group: Saline solutions.
Pharmacological Properties
Agent for rehydration and detoxification; well compensates the loss of body fluids. Glucose is a source of valuable digestible nutrient material that is when burnt causes the release of significant amount of energy in tissues, which is necessary for the body functioning. Sodium and chlorine ions are essential inorganic components of extracellular fluid, controlling the distribution of water in the body, regulating the acid-base balance and maintaining an appropriate osmotic pressure of blood plasma and extracellular fluid.
The glucose solution with sodium chloride for injections is a valuable source of calories and electrolytes.
Indications for use
The drug is used for adjustment of lost fluids in dehydration of various genesis, due to vomiting, diarrhea, in the post-surgical period, collapse, shock (as a component of various blood-substituting and antishock liquids); maintenance of blood plasma volume during and after surgery, for compensation of carbohydrates deficiency in the body, detoxification infusion therapy, treatment of hemorrhagic diathesis, and for the preparation of other pharmaceutical solutions.
Administration and Dosage
Intravenously infusion drip.
Before injecting heat the solution up to 36-38° С.
The drug is recommended to be injected slowly, through a small diameter needle into large peripheral veins to minimize venous irritation. Avoid the formation of infiltrates caused by extravascular solution contact.
The dosage is determined by the doctor and depends on a patient’s age and, body weight, and clinical condition, as well as laboratory test results.
Typically administered in the amount of 300-1500 ml per day at a rate of maximum 80 drips/min, in children - 5 ml/h/kg.
The maximum daily dose for adults is 2000 ml.
When administering the drug control the hematocrit and electrolyte concentration in the blood. The balance of injected and lost fluids is determined every 6 hours.
Side effects
In administering the drug different reactions can occur: febrile reaction (headache, increased body temperature), infection at the injection site, venous thrombosis or phlebitis extending from the injection site, extravasation and hypervolemia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, sweating, fever, tachycardia, hypertension, impaired renal function, swelling, shortness of breath, restlessness, weakness, twitching and muscle hypertonicity. Injection of large amounts of solution can cause chloride acidosis, overhydration, as well as an increase in potassium excretion from the body.
If such a reaction occurs, it is necessary to stop the infusion, assess the patient's condition, undertake appropriate therapeutic countermeasures, and keep the remaining liquid for further examination, if necessary.
Contraindications
Hypernatremia, overhydration states, hyperglycemia, diabetes, circulatory disorders, threatening by pulmonary edema, brain swelling, chronic renal failure and heart failure, treatment with high corticosteroid doses, and increased sensitivity to the drug ingredients.
Drug interactions
Co-administration with glucocorticosteroids intensifies hypernatremia. Therefore, it should be used with caution in patients, receiving corticosteroids and corticotropin; as well as in patients who are prone to salt accumulation.
Special Instructions
Since Denasol solution contains sodium ions, it should be used when necessary only with caution in patients suffering from congestive heart failure, especially in postoperative patients and the elderly, patients with severe renal insufficiency, urinary tract obstruction, hypovolemia, as well as in clinical conditions, accompanied by sodium retention with edema.
In prolonged parenteral therapy, it is necessary to control the changes of glucose, as well as fluid and electrolyte balance in blood by continuous conduct of laboratory and clinical studies.
In children, especially newborns and premature (whose renal function may be immature, or with a reduced ability to excrete liquids), the dosage of intravenous solution and the rate of infusion should be determined with caution, due to the increased risk of hyperglycemia/hypoglycemia, serum hyperosmolarity and the possibility of bleeding. Continuous monitoring of serum glucose concentrations, fluid intake, diuresis and serum electrolytes is required. In infants and small children, even small amounts of fluids can affect the water-salt balance.
The drugcontains glucose, therefore should be used with caution in patients with severe or subclinical diabetes, or carbohydrate intolerance of any origin.
In order to minimize the risk of possible incompatibilities, resulting from mixing Denasol with other solutions, these mixtures should be visually checked for the presence of turbidity or sediment immediately after mixing, before administration, and periodically during administration.
It is required to carry out constant clinical evaluation and periodically conduct laboratory tests in order to track the fluid balance changes, electrolyte concentration and acid-base balance during prolonged parenteral therapy, and also depending on the patient's condition, if necessary.
No research on the drug administration during pregnancy and breastfeeding has been conducted. The drug should be administered to pregnant women only when it is absolutely necessary and critical. Periodic monitoring of the fluid balance, glucose levels, and electrolyte concentrations, as well as acid-base balance of both mother and fetus should be carried out.
Moreover, it is necessary to monitor the amount of fluids, urine output and serum electrolyte levels.
Store the drug far out of the reach of children. Avoid using after its expiration date.
Overdose
Characterized by an excess fluid in the body (hypervolemia). In such cases, it is necessary to discontinue the infusion, and prescribe the appropriate treatment. Injecting hypertonic sodium chlo